Manfred Bukofzer, writing in Studies in Medieval and Renaissance Music (1950) wrote: "The greatest surprise of the Old Hall Repertory is unquestionably the prominent role of isorhythmic technique, which is irrefutable proof of a strong French influence." As English musicians were well known at the Burgundian court, French musicians may also have been known in England. On the other hand, the Old Hall Manuscript is an impressive example of French influence in England. Whether this trend generally continued in the 15th century in England is hard to determine because of the poor survival of manuscripts from that time, but it was well established by the middle of the 15th century, for example at the Burgundian court, that there was a style which was identifiably English-"la contenance angloise", according to Martin le Franc in his poem of 1441–1442 Le Champion des Dames. ![]() In particular it shows a tendency in England to focus on musical complexities, such as canons, at a time when music on the continent was increasingly tending towards simplicity. The Old Hall Manuscript is significant for confirming the existence and character of specifically English musical traits, the extent of the development of English music, as well as the influence of continental practices. 75 in the manuscript) includes a three-voice mensuration canon among its five voices it is notated in black, red and blue notes. Various musical styles and techniques are represented including English discant, treble-dominated works, isorhythmic compositions, and canons. This date allows the fitting into the chronology of the most recent piece in the manuscript, the wedding motet by Byttering which was almost certainly written for the marriage of Henry V and Catherine of Valois on 2 June 1420, as well as a group of motets by several composers, the titles of which closely match written accounts of the music played at the celebration of the victory of Agincourt in 1415. Recent research has suggested that work on the manuscript ended with the death of Thomas, Duke of Clarence, in 1421, a somewhat later date than was previously suggested. The hands of several copyists are identifiable, and some of them may be those of the composers themselves. The Old Hall Manuscript was compiled in the early 15th century, probably over a period of about 20 years. Between these grouped settings are some motets and pieces related to the conductus. In other words, the settings of the Gloria are together, as are the settings of the Credo, Sanctus, and Agnus Dei. Most of the pieces are settings of parts of the ordinary of the Mass, and are grouped by section. The manuscript contains 148 compositions overall, 77 of which are written in score rather than in separate parts. ![]() It was sold to the British Library after an auction at Sotheby's in 1973. Edmund's College, a Roman Catholic school located at Old Hall Green (hence its name) in Hertfordshire. The manuscript somehow survived the Reformation, and formerly belonged to St. ![]() ![]() The Old Hall Manuscript (British Library, Add MS 57950) is the largest, most complete, and most significant source of English sacred music of the late 14th and early 15th centuries, and as such represents the best source for late Medieval English music. Folio 12v of the Old Hall Manuscript contains the decorated opening to a Gloria by Roy Henry (probably King Henry V).
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